{"id":11274,"date":"2026-05-29T10:08:47","date_gmt":"2026-05-29T08:08:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/valasskemezirici.casd.cz\/?p=11274"},"modified":"2026-05-29T10:09:47","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T08:09:47","slug":"beseda-adra-klubu-zdravi-ve-spolupraci-s-nasim-sborem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/valasskemezirici.casd.cz\/?p=11274","title":{"rendered":"Beseda „Biblick\u00e1 archeologie ve Svat\u00e9 zemi“"},"content":{"rendered":"
Mgr. Tereza Holasov\u00e1 Vystudovala archeologii a judaistiku na Univerzit\u011b Palack\u00e9ho v Olomouci a odborn\u011b se zam\u011b\u0159uje na biblickou archeologii a archeologii \u017eidovsk\u00fdch pam\u00e1tek. Biblick\u00e1 archeologie n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje nahl\u00e9dnout do sv\u011bta, o kter\u00e9m vypr\u00e1v\u00ed Bible. <\/div>\n
Pan\u00ed Mgr. Tereza Holasov\u00e1 n\u00e1s na sv\u00e9 skv\u011bl\u00e9 besed\u011b na t\u00e9ma „Biblick\u00e1 archeologie ve Svat\u00e9 zemi“ nejprve sezn\u00e1mila, \u010d\u00edm se tomuto v\u011bdn\u00ed obor zab\u00fdv\u00e1. Ona sama se zaob\u00edr\u00e1 n\u00e1lezy z oblasti Izraele, Mezopot\u00e1mie, Egypta, \u0159eck\u00fdch ostrov\u016f a Anatolie. Posledn\u00ed v\u00fdzkumy prov\u00e1d\u011bla ve staroz\u00e1konn\u00edch m\u011bstech Tel Lachish a Azeka. Vysv\u011btlili jsme si dva sm\u011bry biblick\u00e9 archeologie \u2013 minimalistick\u00fd, kter\u00fd nev\u011b\u0159\u00ed v pravdivost biblick\u00fdch text\u016f, a maximalistick\u00fd, pro kter\u00fd je Bible spolehliv\u00fd zdroj. Tak\u00e9 jsme m\u011bli mo\u017enost porovnat biblickou \u010dasovou osu s archeologick\u00fdm datov\u00e1n\u00edm, rozd\u011blen\u00fdm na periody podle materi\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 se v dan\u00e9m obdob\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvaly.<\/div>\n
TEL je ozna\u010den\u00ed kopce, kter\u00fd vznikl um\u011ble. Na ur\u010dit\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b vzniklo os\u00eddlen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bylo po ur\u010dit\u00e9 dob\u011b zni\u010deno, a na dan\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b pozd\u011bji vzniklo nov\u00e9 m\u011bsto. To je p\u016fvod kopcovit\u00fdch \u00fatvar\u016f v Izraeli. Jako nap\u0159\u00edklad Tel Lak\u00ed\u0161, p\u0159edstavitel regionu \u0160efela, ve sv\u00e9 dob\u011b druh\u00e9 nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u011bsto hned po Jeruzal\u00e9mu. Lak\u00ed\u0161 znamen\u00e1 v hebrej\u0161tin\u011b \u201eho\u0159et\u201c, co\u017e pr\u016fzkumy dok\u00e1zaly \u2013 opakovan\u011b zde doch\u00e1zelo ke zni\u010den\u00ed po\u017e\u00e1rem. I kdy\u017e pr\u016fzkum m\u011bsta prob\u00edh\u00e1 od roku 1932, prozkoum\u00e1n je pouze zlomek nalezi\u0161t\u011b.<\/div>\n
Ka\u017ed\u00e9 historick\u00e9 obdob\u00ed je znateln\u00e9 v archeologick\u00fdch n\u00e1lezech. Pro\u0161li jsme s na\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 etapy, p\u0159ipomn\u011bli jsme si biblick\u00e9 ver\u0161e popisuj\u00edc\u00ed toto obdob\u00ed a sezn\u00e1mili jsme se s n\u00e1lezy, kter\u00e9 potvrzuj\u00ed pravdivost uveden\u00fdch text\u016f. Bylo \u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 sledovat, jak do sebe „d\u00edlky skl\u00e1da\u010dky“ zapadaj\u00ed.<\/div>\n
M\u011bsto Lak\u00ed\u0161 m\u00e1 3 chr\u00e1my a v\u00fdstavn\u00ed pal\u00e1c. Velmi obl\u00edben\u00fd je symbol skaraba, kter\u00fd se objevuje v\u0161ude. Z toho jsou patrn\u00e9 siln\u00e9 vazby mezi Egyptem a Ken\u00e1nem. Stavby jsou vyhotoveny z nep\u00e1len\u00fdch cihel, d\u0159evo je nedostatkov\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se minim\u00e1ln\u011b. P\u0159i vykop\u00e1vk\u00e1ch se na\u0161la \u0159ada n\u00e1dob a zlat\u00fdch plech\u016f s vyobrazen\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch boh\u016f. Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee m\u00edstn\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 t\u00edhli k modloslu\u017eb\u011b, co\u017e bylo pro Ken\u00e1n typick\u00e9.<\/div>\n
Lak\u00ed\u0161 bylo po Jeruzal\u00e9mu druh\u00e9 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u011bsto a Bible o n\u011bm hovo\u0159\u00ed dosti \u010dasto. Nalezeny zde byly n\u00e1doby z doby vl\u00e1dy kr\u00e1le Chizkij\u00e1\u0161e, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed zaj\u00edmavou pe\u010de\u0165 s textem LMLK = lemelech = pro kr\u00e1le. Mohlo j\u00edt o n\u00e1doby na dan\u011b, des\u00e1tky nebo j\u00eddlo na v\u00e1lku.<\/div>\n
V br\u00e1n\u011b m\u011bsta, kter\u00e1 slou\u017eila jako radnice, n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed, celnice, obchod, byl nalezen kamenn\u00fd z\u00e1chod, kter\u00fd nebyl nikdy pou\u017eit. Kr\u00e1l Chizkij\u00e1\u0161 byl v\u011brn\u00fd Bohu a povolil jeho uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pouze v chr\u00e1mu v Jeruzal\u00e9m\u011b. Proto\u017ee br\u00e1na slou\u017eila tak\u00e9 jako ob\u0159adn\u00ed m\u00edsto, kr\u00e1l do n\u00ed dal um\u00edstit z\u00e1chod, aby m\u00edsto znesv\u011btil.<\/div>\n
Vn\u011b m\u011bsta Lak\u00ed\u0161 se zachovala dob\u00fdvac\u00ed rampa, zbytky zbran\u00ed, munice do prak\u016f. Tak\u00e9 kamenn\u00e1 st\u00e9la, dnes ulo\u017een\u00e1 v Lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9m muzeu, na kter\u00e9 je vyobrazeno m\u011bsto obl\u00e9han\u00e9 voj\u00e1ky, z br\u00e1ny ut\u00edkaj\u00ed lid\u00e9 do bezpe\u010d\u00ed z m\u011bsta pry\u010d. Lak\u00ed\u0161 padl. Jeruzal\u00e9m dobit nebyl.<\/div>\n
B\u011bhem sv\u00fdch pr\u016fzkum\u016f byla na\u0161e p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed t\u00fdmu, kter\u00fd odhalil \u0159adu artefakt\u016f z jeruzal\u00e9msk\u00e9ho chr\u00e1mu z Chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 hory. Na\u0161li d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 ost\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bylo v chr\u00e1mu p\u016fvodn\u011b osazeno, a pozd\u011bji vyu\u017eito p\u0159i stavb\u011b nov\u00fdch budov me\u0161it.<\/div>\n
Nalezena byla zlat\u00e1 n\u00e1u\u0161nice f\u00e9nick\u00e9ho typu. Zcela jist\u011b pat\u0159ila n\u011bkomu, kdo se pohyboval na kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9m dvo\u0159e. Bible hovo\u0159\u00ed o tom, \u017ee v dob\u011b Davida a \u0160alamouna byl udr\u017eov\u00e1n kontakt s kr\u00e1lem T\u00fdru, od kter\u00e9ho kupovali vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 d\u0159evo z libanonsk\u00e9ho cedru. V t\u00e9to dob\u011b se mohla n\u00e1u\u0161nice do m\u011bsta dostat. Nalezena byla tak\u00e9 n\u00e1doba vyroben\u00e1 z hl\u00edny z Jeruzal\u00e9ma pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b v S\u00e1by ( 800 p\u0159.Kr. ) s n\u00e1pisem \u201ekadidlo\u201c. Velice zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 jsou olov\u011bn\u00e9 desti\u010dky nalezen\u00e9 na ho\u0159e Ebal, odkud byly podle Bible pron\u00e1\u0161ena proklet\u00ed, zat\u00edm co z hory Gerazim byla pron\u00e1\u0161ena po\u017eehn\u00e1n\u00ed. Na desti\u010dk\u00e1ch jsou zbytky n\u00e1pisu \u201eBu\u010f proklet ve jm\u00e9nu Jahve\u201c. Tyto desti\u010dky byly skenov\u00e1na \u010desk\u00fdm t\u00fdmem, kter\u00fd spolupracuje na vykop\u00e1vk\u00e1ch s Izraelskou stranou.<\/div>\n
Tereza Holasov\u00e1 se z\u00fa\u010dastnila vykop\u00e1vek tak\u00e9 ve m\u011bst\u011b Azeka. Radost m\u00e1 z n\u00e1lezu kamene, kter\u00fd p\u016fvodn\u011b slou\u017eil k hran\u00ed hry podobn\u00e9 na\u0161im pi\u0161kvork\u00e1m, pozd\u011bji zabudovan\u00fd do stavby zdi domu.<\/div>\n
Pro archeology nejsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 jen samotn\u00e9 n\u00e1lezy, ale tak\u00e9 informace o hloubce ulo\u017een\u00ed, p\u0159edm\u011btech okolo, slo\u017een\u00ed hl\u00edny apod., z \u010deho\u017e lze vyvodit \u0159adu velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch informac\u00ed.<\/div>\n
Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed archeologick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu nen\u00ed jen samotn\u00e9 kop\u00e1n\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 skenov\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed radiometrick\u00fdch metod, kter\u00e9 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u0159adu d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch poznatk\u016f.<\/div>\n
Pro\u017eili jsme velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00fd ve\u010der, kdy jsme se mohli alespo\u0148 pomysln\u011b p\u0159en\u00e9st do doby biblick\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f a na vlastn\u00ed o\u010di vid\u011bt p\u0159edm\u011bty, kter\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e1 dr\u017eeli v rukou ti, o kter\u00fdch v P\u00edsmu \u010dteme. D\u011bkujeme za \u00fa\u017easn\u00fd pro\u017eitek.<\/div>\n
\"\"<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mgr. Tereza Holasov\u00e1 Vystudovala archeologii a judaistiku na Univerzit\u011b Palack\u00e9ho v Olomouci a odborn\u011b se zam\u011b\u0159uje na biblickou archeologii a archeologii \u017eidovsk\u00fdch pam\u00e1tek. Biblick\u00e1 archeologie n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje nahl\u00e9dnout do sv\u011bta, o kter\u00e9m vypr\u00e1v\u00ed Bible.  Pan\u00ed Mgr. Tereza Holasov\u00e1 n\u00e1s na sv\u00e9 skv\u011bl\u00e9 besed\u011b na t\u00e9ma „Biblick\u00e1 archeologie ve Svat\u00e9 zemi“ nejprve sezn\u00e1mila, \u010d\u00edm se tomuto […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11274","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezarazene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/valasskemezirici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11274","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/valasskemezirici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/valasskemezirici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valasskemezirici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valasskemezirici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11274"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/valasskemezirici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11274\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11279,"href":"https:\/\/valasskemezirici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11274\/revisions\/11279"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/valasskemezirici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11274"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valasskemezirici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11274"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/valasskemezirici.casd.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11274"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}